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` (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

N. CHANDLER. SINGLE ACTING STEAM ENGINE.

No. 420,862. Patented Feb. 4, 1890.

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N. CHANDLER. SINGLE ACTING STEAM ENGINE.

No. 420,862. Patented PebJl, 1890.

UNITED STATESr ATENT Prion.'

NOL CHANDLER, OF HEDNESFORD, COUNTY OF STAFFORD, ENGLAND.

SINGLE-ACTING STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 420,862, dated February4, 1890.

Application iled September 24, 1888. Serial No. 286,276. (No model.)Patented in England April 18, 1888, No. 5,792.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, NOL CHANDLER, a subject of 'the Queen ofGrreatBritain and Ireland, residing at Hednesford, in the county of Stafford,Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented Improvements inSingle- Acting Steam-Engines, (for which I have obtained a patent inGreat Britain, No. 5,792, dated April 18, 1888,) of which the followingis a specification.

This invention has for its object improve- -ments in single-actingsteam-engines, and

comprises an improved form of framing, an improved arrangement ofcross-head guide, improved means for lubricating the crosshead, and animproved arrangement of valves. In the framing of the engine there arearranged doors on opposite sides, giving access to the stutiing-boxes ofthe piston and valve rods. The cross-head is circular in crosssectionand Works in a correspondinglyshaped guide which is formed inside theframing. This guide is open at the lower end to the crank-chamber, andis lubricated by the spray flung up by the crank. There are holes in thecross-head, through which the lubricating spray can gain access to thepiston and valve rods. The valve-rod is guided by a cross-head workingin a guide similarly situated to the guide of the piston-rod crosshead.Steam is admitted to the upper or rear side of the piston by apiston-valve, and is exhausted into a chamber or receiver below thevalve. v

In double or triple compound engines t-he steam goes successively to theupper or rear side of all the pistons before it enters theexhaust-chamber. There is an exhaust-outlet for this chamber. It iscommanded by a sleeve-valve, which throttles the exhaust and keeps acushion of steam above the piston (or the largest piston, if there beseveral) to prevent the connecting-rod brasses leaving the crank-pin.

Referring to the annexed two sheets of drawings, Figure 1 is a verticalcentral sectionthrough an inverted single-acting compound engineaccording to this invention. Fig. 2 is a similar section at right anglesto Fig. 1. g

The high-pressure cylinder 1 is situated directly over the 10W-pressurecylinder 2, the

two pistons being on the same rod 3. The two cylinders are mounted on aframe or casing 4:, which has doors 5 5, giving access to thestuffing-boxes 6 and 21 of the low-pressure cylinder. IVithin the frameor casing is a bored guide 7, in which works the cylindrical cross-head8. In the cross-head and in its guide there are bored holes 9 for thepassage of lubricant, as will be explained.

The frame or casing f1 stands upon a base or bed 10,- (which may be castin one piece therewith,) to which are connected bushed bearings 11 11for the crank-shaft 12. These bearings have glands 13 at the outer endto prevent the leakage of lubricant, which is supplied by the passages14 14. There are doors 15 15 at each side of the base for gaining accessto the crank-shaft and other parts of the machinery. Ordinarilythe baseor bed is kept closed, and oil and water are fed into it to such a depththat at each revolution the crank dips into the oil and drives it upwardin spray into the bearings and through the holes in the cross-head andcross-head guide. A perforated partition 16 keeps the liquid in thelower part of the bed comparatively still, while an oil-catcher 17permits of the level being seen and of oil and water being added asrequired.

Steam is distributed to the two cylinders by piston-valves 18 and 19,mounted on a common rod 20, which has a stufiing-box 2l, accessiblethrough the doors 5 5. The lower end of this rod is guided by acylindrical cross-head 22, working in a bored guide 23, situated withinthe frame o1' casing 4. This cross-head is lubricated in a similarmanner to the cross-head 8.

High-pressure steam enters by the branch 24;, and is admit-ted iirst tothe upper end of the small cylinder 1. It is then exhausted into thechamber or receiver 25, which has free communication with the lower endof the cylinder. This chamber or receiver has also a communication withthe upper end of the cylinder 2; but this communication is controlled bythe valve 19. After the steam has been` exhausted from the upper end ofthe cylindeif 1 it is admitted to the chamber 25 and belowi Y the pistonof cylinder 1, and on the next downward stroke of the pistonisdischarged into the cylinder 2 above the pistontherein,

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and on the return or upward stroke passes below the valve 19 into thereceiver or chamber 26. This chamber communicates with the lower end ot'the cylinder 2 and with the exhaust-pipe 27. This latter communicationis controlled by the sleeve-valve 2S, which, however, oiters noimpediment to the passage of the steam to the lower part of thecylinder. rlhis valve 28 is adjusted so as to close the exhaust-port asthe piston nears the lower end of its stroke to a suiiicient extent.. toinsure a compression of the exhaust-steam in the cylinder' on the returnof the piston. The cushioning action of this steam will absorb themomentum of the moving parts, and so keep the connectingh rod andbrasses close on the crank-pin. This valve remains closed during thegreater part of the upward stroke of the piston, and so prevents theaction of a condenser (into which the engine maybe exhausting) fromdestroying or preventing the necessary compression or cushioning abovethe piston in the cylinder 2.

The valve-rod is worked by an eccentric 29, that may advantageously beconstructed, arranged, and operated in the manner described and shown inanother application for Letters Patent iiled by me, dated March 29,1889, Serial No. 305,328.

Engines constructed according to this invention may be made with two ormore sets ot cylinders similar to those herein described, arranged sideby side and working on two or more cranks on a common crank-shaft, thecranks working in one crank-chamber common to all. ln this case all thecylinders first receive the working-steam above their respectivepistons, and then exhaust it to their under side before passing it on todo work in another and larger cylinder. In some cases engines accordingto this invention may be made with one cylinder, (non-compoundg) but ineither and every case the sleeve-valve 2S is always elnployed tocomma-nd the exhaust from the last cylinder.

That is claimed isl. In a single-acting steam-eiigine, an intermediateframe or casing situated between the cylinder and the bed or base, andprovided with doors or covers which can be removed to give access to thestuA @ng-boxes of the piston and valve rods, substantially as describedand shown.

2. In a sin gle-actin g engine, a tubular crosshead guide formed withina frame or easing intermediate between the cylinder and the bed or base,and provided with holes through which lubricant is splashed by thecrank, substantially as described and shown.

3. ln a single-acting steam-engine, the combination, with a frame orcasing intermediate between the cylinder and t-he bed or base, of twotubular cross-head guides, the one for the piston-rod and the other forthc valve-rod, the said guides being provided with holes through whichlubricant is splashed, substantially as described and shown.

fi. ln a single-acting steam-engine, the coinbination, with a cylinder,a steam-passage connecting the opposite ends of said cylinder andexternal thereto, and having an exhaustpassage communicating therewith,of a Valve arranged to control said exhaustpassage, while admitting ofthe passage of steam 'from one end of said cylinder to the other,substantially as herein described.

ln a single-acting steam-engine, a cylinder having its opposite endsconnected by an external steam -passage from which leads anexhaust-passage, in combination with a sleevevalve arranged to work insaid steam-passage, and constructed to admit the passage of steamthrough itself, while its periphery commands the exhaust-passage,substantially as herein described.

(3. In a single-acting steam-engine, the combination of a cylinder,steam-passage connectin g its opposite ends and external thereto, anexhaust-passage leading from said steampassage, a piston-valve arrangedto control the flow of steam to and from one end of said cylinder, and asleeve-valve arranged to work in said steam-passage and admit thepassage of steam through itself, while its periphery commands theexhaustpassage, substantially as herein described.

7. ln a single-acting steam-engine, the combination, with high and lowpressure cylinders fitted with pistons and piston-valves controlling thepassage of steam to and from said cylinders, of a steam-passageconnecting the opposite ends of the low-pressure cylinder and externalthereto, an exhaust-passage leading from said steam-passage, and a valvearranged to control said exhaust-passage, substantially as hereindescribed.

8. In a sin gle-actin g steam-engine, the cembination of high and lowpressure cylinders l and 2, each iit-ted with a piston, connectedsteam-passages 25 and 2G, external to and in communication with theopposite ends of said cylinders, an exhaust-passage 27, in communicationwith said steam-passage 25, piston-valves 1S and 19, arranged to work insaid steam -passages and control the flow ot steam to and from saidcylinders l and 2, respectively, and a sleeve-valve 28, through whichsteam may pass while its periphery controls said exhaust-passage, saidvalves 1S, 19, and 2S being connected and operating to'- gethcr,substantially as herein described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence ot' two subscribing witnesses.

Noilr. c1 1 AN oran.

Witnesses:

W. Cnoss, 1P. J. BROUGHAM, 190th of lo Lincei/nts' [n n lilelds, London.

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